In the paper the present research of graphene which is one of milestones of nanotechnology development is summarized. The hype-cycle of material, its preparation and remarkable properties – big surface per mass unit, electrical and thermal conductivities, strength, inpenetrability toward gases, stability, etc. will be mentioned. Graphene has numerous applications, they will be illustrated in connection with European Graphene flagship project. Graphene will be compared with other two-dimensional or quasi two-dimensional materials, like silicene, stanene, etc. Finally, the application of graphene in sensors of H2 and NO2 in the author’s laboratory will be illustrated.