It describes an effort of people to cognize our world in its whole range – from an atomic nucleus to the most distant spheres of Universe. There are hypothesises according to which this process of cognition is realised. The process is illustrated on the basis of plenty of examples from history. The next attention is given to an effort to apply the results of the physical cognition to human activities. The last part is concentrated on the present problems that accompany physics education, including the education of future teachers of physics and engineers.